Bairro do Boneco: From workers’ housing to cultural center

Building design

Bairro do Boneco by ADARQ. Photo: Ivo Tavares Studio

The architecture firm Adarq, led by André David, has completed the refurbishment of the historic Bairro do Boneco in Entroncamento, Portugal, in 2024. The project transforms a former railroad workers’ residential quarter from the 1920s into a modern cultural center with a total area of 2,960 m².

The Bairro do Boneco is one of Portugal’s characteristic railroad workers’ housing estates and was built around 1920. The complex follows the typical geometry of a rectangular courtyard, which was common for workers’ housing estates of the time. Originally, the quarter comprised 18 residential units, spread over two elongated blocks of buildings: a two-storey block in the north with independent residential units and single-storey houses in the south.

The two-storey main building housed twelve apartments, each with four equally sized, interconnected rooms and an external bathroom. With a living space of around 52.60 m² per unit, each apartment also had a small private outdoor area. Access to the upper floor was via external staircases and galleries about one meter wide.

The redevelopment strategy envisaged a complete conversion: The outdated residential quarter was transformed into a cultural center that combines three main functions. The two-storey building houses the National Railway Documentation Center on the first floor, while the upper floor functions as an exhibition gallery. The single-storey south block was converted into a science center.

A special design element is an azulejo panel by renowned architect Álvaro Siza in the central courtyard, which tells the story of Entroncamento and the Bairro do Boneco. This artistic intervention creates an identity-forming link between the historical past and the new cultural use.

The planning philosophy aimed to preserve the morphological and architectural characteristics of the original complex while at the same time meeting the functional requirements of a modern cultural center. André David and his team developed a sensitive balance between monument protection and contemporary use.

A supporting volume was created for the documentation center, which partially intervenes in the rear courtyards between the existing National Railway Museum and the two-storey building. This solution enables a symbiotic connection between the new documentation center and the existing museum, which also allows direct access via the museum.

The construction work was carried out by CANAS, Engenharia e Construção, S.A., under the supervision of Sandra Ferreira and Guilherme Monteiro. The engineering planning was carried out by Gabicrel under José Monteiro, who was responsible for both the structural and building services planning.

Proven Portuguese and international manufacturers were used for the choice of materials: Cidade PVC supplied the window frames, SPSS the furniture, while JNF provided the fittings. Roca supplied the sanitaryware and Ofa the fittings. Forbo, Mapei and Vicente & Ramos were responsible for the floor coverings. The electrical installation was carried out using components from Efapel, and the lighting with products from Schréder and Philips. Coelho da Silva was responsible for the roof work.

The project is a model for sustainable urban renewal. Instead of demolishing the outdated residential structures, the sensitive conversion has made an important contribution to preserving the industrial heritage. The new cultural function not only enhances the immediate district, but also strengthens Entroncamento as the cultural center of the region.

The concentration of various scientific and cultural institutions in one place creates synergies and turns the former working-class district into a lively educational and meeting place. At the same time, the connection to the neighboring National Railway Museum is strengthened and a coherent cultural ensemble is created.

Read also: Casa Azul by architect Ricardo Bak

POTREBBE INTERESSARTI ANCHE

Making Memory

Building design

Exhibition on David Adjaye at the Design Museum London until May 5, 2019

The Design Museum London is showing the exhibition “David Adjaye: Making Memory”. In 2016, the museum moved from a converted banana warehouse on the Thames to the former Commonwealth Institute in Kensington, which was three times the size and redesigned by John Pawson. The 1960s building, with its hyperbolic roof combined with a parabola, now houses several galleries and a timber-clad atrium that reveals the roof. The museum is surrounded by new residential buildings designed by OMA.

Sir David Adjaye, the British-Ghanaian architect, became famous with the “Dirty House 2002” and other private residences. His public libraries, which he calls “Idea Stores”, introduced a new library concept in 2004/5. Today, he builds internationally, for example a management school in Moscow and social housing in New York. Adjaye was knighted by the Queen of England in 2017.

Monuments, museums and reading pavilions

An exhibition about contemporary monuments or memorials arouses curiosity. What constitutes a monument, what do we want to remember and how? According to Adjaye, “you can only create a better future if you question the past.”

The exhibition consists of a series of tall, narrow rooms in soft anthracite and light yolk yellow. Models, films and objects vividly illustrate seven selected projects. The projects presented have more or less the function of monuments. Some are rather monumental, such as the planned national cathedral in Ghana. Others are more like monuments, such as the reading pavilion commemorating an uprising in South Korea. References are presented quite literally, such as the crown of an African sculpture or the spiral of fossils.

The African American Museum in Washington

The most important and largest project built is the African American Museum in Washington, USA. The building lives above all from its content. The museum presents the history, culture and society of African-Americans and visitors are to participate in redefining the American concept of civil rights, freedom and equality. It is centrally located on the Mall in Washington, just a stone’s throw from the White House. The stepped building, clad in metal latticework, is inspired by an African sculpture with a three-tiered crown. Adjaye says that the museum has already become a place of pilgrimage. He acknowledges that this building embodies the pinnacle of his work. Adjaye says: “It was the beginning of a new phase in my career and the basis for all new projects.” Some of the unbuilt projects are on display here and others are still in the planning stage.

The Baumeister 05/2018 booklet curated by David Adjaye is available at the entrance to the exhibition.

Berchtesgaden, Hotel Haus Untersberg

Building design

Haus Unterster in Berchtesgaden proves that rooms in youth hostels don’t necessarily have to be musty.

Lava’s redesigned accommodation in the south-eastern corner of Germany proves that rooms in youth hostels don’t necessarily have to be musty and claustrophobic. A trip to Berchtesgaden: Overnight stay in a youth hostel. During the journey, I keep fighting down horror stories of communal showers and six-bed rooms as small as a closet and fervently hope that the so-called design youth hostel will live up to the promise of its name. My first impression of Haus Untersberg is more than reassuring. I stand in front of the hostel with its protruding windows and yellow-painted wooden strips. Inside, things are pleasant: the entrance area is colorfully striped and you feel welcome. My room may have six beds, but there is nothing reminiscent of the feared prison cell aura. There is plenty of storage space for my travel bag and clothes, as well as an unexpectedly large number of seats in window embrasures and beanbags.

The Stuttgart architectural firm LAVA (see also Baumeister B1O/B11) has ensured that there is no longer any trace of the martial existing building from 1935 in Haus Untersberg. Instead of demolishing the typical local house with its stone base and half-timbering, architects 2O1O to 2O11 converted it. The bedrooms were enlarged and each has its own shower and toilet. The walls were also given a new coat of paint. Fortunately, not the most garish of the color families was chosen and a lot of larch wood was used so that the eye does not panic. There is no panic, but there is irritation when you look into another room: a Vitra chair? This flirtation with the design aspect of the redesign was not really necessary in these practically furnished rooms. Especially when you consider that the rooms are mainly used by families with lively children and adolescents with an egalitarian attitude. What is really charming, however, is the combination of old and new. The original balconies with carvings à la “I was here. Julia 2O11” have been retained, as have the stone floor in the entrance area and the cast-iron railings. This preserves the youth hostel flair and Haus Untersberg does not look like an over-designed foreign body on the site.

The building’s greatest asset could be – in good weather – its view. However, my stay is accompanied by wet and cold weather. Even the most beautiful mountains quickly look dreary. The leisure program on the grounds – high ropes course, archery, canoe tours – is clearly geared towards dry days. A visit to the Berchtesgaden salt mine is worthwhile, but must be done in the knowledge that most of the time will probably be spent in the queue. A mix of old and new with lots of wood is intended to adapt the building to modern needs without losing its cozy flair.

Address

Berchtesgaden Youth Hostel
Struberberg6
83483 Bischofswiesen
www.berchtesgaden.jugendherberge.de