In Baden (CH), a project combining the renovation of a listed villa with the construction of two additional residential buildings was realized on a steeply sloping, terraced plot on Schlossbergweg below the ruins of Schloss Stein castle. The plans were drawn up by Zurich architects Menzi Bürgler Kuithan and were implemented in several construction phases between 2019 and 2024.
In the center of the property is a three-story villa from 1923, which was designed by Hans Loepfe and is a listed building. It is characterized by the symmetrical façade structure and a hipped roof with a kink. The building was renovated to preserve its substance and the attic was converted into residential units. Three residential units were created in the process. The work was carried out in consultation with the relevant heritage authorities and relates to the historic substance of the interior and exterior.
In addition to the villa, the site includes a baroque, protected vineyard house on the southern edge of the property as well as a large garden area with terracing, retaining walls and mature trees. The historical topography and existing structure were taken into account in the project development.
Two three-storey residential buildings were added to the site as part of the redevelopment. The new buildings are based on the existing individual buildings in the surrounding area and the dimensions of the Rebhaus in terms of setting, volumetry and scale. The buildings are at right angles to each other, have compact floor plans and pitched roofs. The façade design follows a reduced expression: plaster in light natural tones with a broom finish, wooden window reveals and stepped plinth zones made of exposed concrete. These materials were matched to the immediate surroundings, which are characterized by limestone cliffs and vegetation.
The two new buildings were constructed using timber frame construction with hemp-lime brick as insulation material in the infills. This construction meets building physics requirements for thermal insulation and moisture regulation without synthetic additives. The exterior walls consist of several layers, including clay plaster on the inside, wood-based materials and lime plaster on the outside.
The roof surfaces are fitted with in-roof photovoltaic systems. The roof structure consists of rafter insulation, OSB boards and a visible inner layer of three-layer boards. Concrete slabs with integrated waterproofing were used for the canopies.
The interior fittings follow a multi-layered structure. Floors are provided in various designs: Oak parquet, linoleum or porcelain stoneware on underlay floors with underfloor heating. Impact sound and thermal insulation are mainly based on wood fiber or PIR insulation materials. The ceilings consist of wooden beams with embedded sand-lime bricks, combined with clay building boards and clay plaster.
The fittings are designed for long-term use, with a focus on functional materials, ease of maintenance and ecological building criteria. Windows and doors are made of wood and triple-glazed, some with metal window sills and textile shading systems.
The new buildings were designed to be energy-independent. In addition to the building envelope with hemp insulation and clay plaster, in-roof PV systems help to generate electricity. The construction method takes into account requirements for summer heat insulation and airtightness. Window openings are positioned so that natural lighting and cross ventilation are possible. The buildings are accessed via existing and additional paths. The overall structure of the site remains legible. The new buildings were integrated into the existing garden landscape without altering the villa’s main axes or visual relationships. Access is decentralized, with separate entrances and minimal intervention in the geometry of the site.
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Location: Schlossbergweg 6, Baden
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Architecture: Menzi Bürgler Kuithan Architects, Zurich
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Study contract: 2019
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Execution: 2023-2024
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Client: Private
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Project management: Kristina Turtschi, Jaco Trebo
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Use: Three apartments in the villa, two new buildings with several units each
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