Mag. dr. hab. Patricia Engel is Scientific Director of the European Research Center for Book and Paper Conservation-Restoration at Danube University Krems. In an interdisciplinary research project, she and her team, together with the University of Graz, developed a method to stop acid-induced paper decay. A commentary From the middle of the 19th century, paper was produced from shredded […]
Mag. dr. hab. Patricia Engel is Scientific Director of the European Research Center for Book and Paper Conservation-Restoration at Danube University Krems. In an interdisciplinary research project, she and her team, together with the University of Graz, developed a method to stop acid-induced paper decay. A commentary
From the middle of the 19th century, paper was produced from shredded pieces of wood in order to make it available to the masses at low cost. Until the production of higher quality paper began after 1945, almost everything was printed and written on groundwood paper: books, newspapers and letters. A low pH value of the groundwood pulp paper leads to the destruction of the cellulose chains during longer storage. In addition, alum was used as an auxiliary material in paper production, which leads to the formation of acid, which further promotes paper decay. The paper becomes brittle. An unstoppable ageing spiral develops, which is further accelerated by poor storage, heat, light and humidity. Currently, the holdings of many libraries and archives are affected by acid-induced paper decay to varying degrees.
New procedure for paper deterioration
To ensure the preservation of these documents, we have developed a new process in an interdisciplinary team of conservators and chemists from Danube University Krems and the University of Graz. Based on previous mass deacidification processes and with the help of innovative chemical and nanotechnological methods, it deacidifies the paper, leaves behind an alkaline reserve and makes the paper reusable. And if desired, it can be used to disinfect microorganisms at the same time – or, in a modular way, just to combat microorganisms. The patent is pending. If it is successful, it will close a research gap in Austrian paper restoration.