Europaplatz in Mannheim plays an important role in the city’s urban layout.The approximately 5-hectareEuropaplatz is a central point on the axis between the 656 freeway and the city center and is therefore considered the most important entrance to Mannheim.
From here, it is only around three kilometers to the square at the water tower – the city’s landmark – via the city-defining Augustaanlage with its multi-row avenue. Europaplatz itself consists of three green spaces that form a rectangle. In the center is an ellipticalgreen areawhich is framed by another green area on the north and south sides. These three areas are separated by the multi-lane B37, which connects the Augustaanlage with Wilhelm-Varnholt-Allee , which ultimately forms the prelude to the federal highway 656.
Europaplatz has had an eventful history and has been redesigned and renamed several times over the years. One of the decisive factors in the development of Europaplatz was the construction of the former Reichsautobahn highway. In 1930, the Rhein-Neckar-Hallen with exhibition grounds on the Reichsautobahn and in 1935 the Heidelberg – Mannheim – Darmstadt highway were opened and in 1936 the Reichsautobahn restaurant was opened. From 1945, today’s Europaplatz is known as “Friedensplatz”. After the end of the Second World War, the highway entrance was redesigned and over the next few years the area around Europaplatz also changed, for example with the construction of the new Mannheimer Versicherungs-Gesellschaft high-rise building. Some time later, in 1984, the planetarium was opened in the center of Europaplatz and the square was given the name “Wilhelm-Varnholt-Platz”. Finally, in 1994, the “Mannheim Culture Mile” was opened between the highway entrance and the city center, and two years later the square was finally renamed “Europaplatz”.
However, the development story does not end there. At the end of the 1990s, the Palazzo Varieté event venue moved to the eastern part of the square and played there until 2022. The redesign of the Augustaanlage in 2015 can also be seen as the first impetus for the desired transformation of the square. And finally, Europaplatz was defined as one of the “BUGA city entrances” for the 2023 Federal Garden Show and temporarily upgraded with perennial plantings during the show.
With the departure of the Palazzo Varieté, the city of Mannheim finally decided to seize the opportunity to further develop Europaplatz as an attractive open space and prestigious entrance to the city in the long term. To this end, the Committee for Environment and Technology commissioned the administration to hold a planning competition in the summer of 2023. The open two-phase open space planning realization competition has now been decided. “The aim of the competition was toobtain several planningsolutions for how Europaplatz can become an attractive entrance and exit to the city in the future, which sensibly integrates existing situations and fits into and complements the open space structure of the city of Mannheim, which has user, climatic and ecological qualities in equal measure and which reflects the European idea,” says landscape architect Christian Luz, chairman of the jury, describing the complex task.
In the course of the process, the city received several planning solutions – as requested – and ultimately awarded first place to two designs. Both Helleckes Landschaftsarchitektur from Karlsruhe and Franz Reschke Landschaftsarchitektur GmbH from Berlin were awarded first place. A third prize went to Club L 94 Landschaftsarchitekten GmbH from Cologne. Commendations went to bbz landschaftsarchitekten berlin gmbh from Berlin and Querfeldeins Landschaft | Städtebau | Architektur from Dresden. The design approaches were very different.
Hellecke’s landscape architecture, for example, drew a vision of colorful urban nature that offers different attractions depending on the season thanks to mixed perennial plantings and wildflower meadows. Europaplatz thus becomes the counterpart to Friedrichsplatz, which is characterized by ornamental plants. Franz Reschke Landschaftsarchitektur, on the other hand, opted for a continuous meadow area in their design, which is structured by different ground heights in combination with tree plantings. Although both designs proposed a different layout, they were each convincing in their enhancement of the location and the creation of interesting spaces, atmospheres and visual relationships, said Ralf Eisenhauer, the mayor responsible for urban development, after the process. The combination of new and existing structures on Europaplatz would create an attractive entrance and exit to the city.
The two winners will now both be involved in the further process. The next step will be a negotiation process in the near future, during which one of the planning offices will be commissioned with the further planning. The final decision is expected to be made in spring 2025. As soon as a team has prevailed and the planning contract has been concluded, the competition entry will be further elaborated and finally translated into implementation. The Schwetzingerstadt/Oststadt District Advisory Council and the Environment and Technology Committee will be closely involved in all future planning steps. If everything goes according to plan, implementation is expected to begin in 2027. In a few years’ time, Europaplatz will then be able to shine in new splendor – and will at best highlight the representative significance of the square as an entrance to the city, enable a higher-quality use of open space and meet today’s requirements for climate adaptation, ecology and sustainable green space development. Until then, all interested citizens can view all submitted competition entries at Mannheim’s Technical City Hall until Friday, July 26, and see the various designs for themselves.
