This year’s Carlo Scarpa Prize for Gardens was awarded in February 2024. The winner is the Espacio Escultórico in the Pedregal de San Ángel in Mexico City. More about the 33rd Prize for Gardens below.
The Italian Fondazione Benetton Studi Ricerche conceives and administers the Carlo Scarpa Prize, named after the Italian architect and designer (1906-1978). Every two years, a place with exceptional natural, historical and creative values is awarded this prize. For the 2023-2024 edition, the prize returns to the Americas for the first time since it was first awarded in 1990, when Roberto Burle Marx won with the Sítio Santo Antônio da Bica in Brazil. This year’s winner is the Espacio Escultórico, a monumental, collective work of art made of lava.
The Espacio Escultórico in Mexico City comes from the same lava surface that served as the basis for new residential areas and for the construction of the university city around the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) back in the late 1940s. The large work of art takes the form of a jagged ring of 64 concrete prisms. These stand on a circular base with a diameter of 120 meters. As an example of “intact” lava, the structure emphasizes the expressive power of this special landscape and its fragile, constantly changing state.
UNAM inaugurated the Espacio Escultórico back in 1979. It serves the dialog between the university city and Mexican culture, society and ecology. The landscape around Pedregal de San Ángel originates from a volcanic eruption and has a suggestive power. The sculpture creates a resonating surface that is also a commentary on the conflicts of urban expansion in Mexico City.
The Espacio Escultórico is an important chapter in this special landscape. It was formed by the Xitle volcano, which last erupted around 1,500 to 2,000 years ago. This resulted in today’s lava floor with green overgrown rocks, which is an important reminder of pre-Hispanic history. UNAM sees the sculpture as a “landscape of resistance”.
The winner of the 2023-2024 Carlo Scarpa Prize also represents the rich history of Mexico City. The Pedregal landscape used to cover around 80 square kilometers, but most of this surface has since been transformed. Artists such as Luis Barragán with his Jardines del Pedregal project – a modern housing project with explicit protection of the ecosystem – and Diego Rivera, who founded the nearby Anahuacalli Museum in 1955, left their mark on the area, as did UNAM and the Cuicuilco pyramid, the ruins of which can still be seen.
The structure reflects the alternation of rainy and dry seasons. It represents a modern interpretation of history and captures the feeling of space and emptiness. It also alludes to social contradictions, scientific exploration and structural development pressures. “The abstract nature of the design and its obvious appeal to the spirit of modernity allow us to discover a sense of history, and that looking at the landscape means listening to it and taking responsibility with a determination,” said the jury.
In addition to the landscape and the message, the Carlo Scarpa Prize winner’s working method is also worth mentioning. Six artists from the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas were commissioned to create a collective work. This was not intended to reflect the character of a single person, but to focus on the collective interaction of the landscape with its historical heritage.
The group of artists consisted of Helen Escobedo, Manuel Felguérez, Mathias Goeritz, Hersúa, Sebastián and Federico Silva. Their work is open to ecological features rather than being purely anthropocentric. Accordingly, after the sculpture was completed, the aim was to protect the surrounding area, which led to the official establishment of the Reserva Ecológica del Pedregal de San Ángel designated by the UNAM in 1983.
The jury of the Carlo Scarpa Prize justified its choice with the fact that the Espacio Escultórico invites both personal meditation and collective action: “Its story encourages reflection on the relationship between artistic gesture and ecological awareness; the choral dimension of its concept invites us to rethink the place of the individual in landscape design and to define new coordinates and new roles in the creative attitude.”
From April to June 2024, an exhibition dedicated to the Espacio Escultórico and its surroundings was held in Treviso. The foundation also published a book and a documentary film about the award-winning location. In a public ceremony on April 13, 2024, Leonardo Lomelí Vanegas, Rector of UNAM, received the “Carlo Scarpa Seal”, the symbol of the award. Silke Cram and Louise Noelle also received awards: They are responsible for the care and management of the award-winning site.
With its volcanic soil and interpretation of forms, this year’s winner is reminiscent of César Manrique’s work on the island of Lanzarote, the Jardín de Cactus, which received the Carlo Scarpa Prize for Gardens in 2017. And the 2022 prize winner, the Südgelände nature park in Berlin, also shows experimentation with a site perceived as sterile and uninvolved, which has been transformed from an abandoned place into a flourishing landscape.












