Zurich: Hotspot Switzerland

Building design
Credit via pixabay

Credit via pixabay

In 2022, The Economist ranked Zurich as the third most liveable city in the world. The Swiss metropolis also continues to make a name for itself in architecture and landscape architecture. Most recently through its exemplary approach to the issue of heat. An overview of the measures and projects in the canton and city and why they are still subject to criticism.

The city of Zurich has developed a comprehensive climate adaptation program to reduce heat with the Implementation Agenda 2020-2023. The aim of this program is to find solutions to combat overheating in the city in order to maintain the quality of life and protect the health of residents. To this end, several city departments worked together on this program, which has three main objectives: To prevent overheating throughout the city, to provide targeted relief for vulnerable urban areas and to preserve the city’s existing cold air system.

The agenda serves as a guideline for the implementation of various urban and open space planning projects. It clarifies the obligations and provides a comprehensive overview of the objectives, principles, costs and financing. A catalog of measures is available to the administration, planners and builders and uses fields of action, approaches and modeling areas to show what climate adaptation can look like in concrete terms and what effects it has.

  1. Heat reduction: Climate maps and analyses show the heat load in urban areas. Depending on the urban structure, the right mix of measures is found, with different approaches for day and night.
  2. Relief systems: This sub-plan distinguishes between dense areas and areas with sensitive uses, such as schools or retirement centers. New green spaces are created and existing ones upgraded. A climate-optimized network of paths connects the green spaces.
  3. Cold air system: The third sub-plan ensures night-time cooling by maintaining and optimizing cold air flows.

Based on climate analysis maps, the Air, Climate and Radiation Department of the Office for Waste, Water, Energy and Air has developed an additional planning tool. Building owners, developers and specialist planners can use it to view information on measures and integrate them into their planning. The “Heat in urban areas” tool suggests measures such as green roofs and façades, shading of streets and surfaces, rainwater retention and storage as well as the implementation of water surfaces or unsealing.

The “Heat in urban areas” website complements this planning tool. Here, planners can find comprehensive information and examples from the canton of Zurich that illustrate the benefits of the measures. The website proposes measures for urban planning, buildings and open spaces in order to sustainably improve the climatic conditions in urban areas.

In the “Bahnhof Nord” development area, the pioneering Zwhatt project is transforming the area as part of the “Adaptation to climate change” pilot program. Zwhatt aims for a low-car zone, relies on public transport and bicycle parking spaces and uses renewable energy through photovoltaic systems and groundwater. A central promenade ensures cold air circulation and rows of trees provide the necessary shade. The project requires a high level of coordination and regular communication between all parties involved. Conflicts such as noise protection versus ventilation are critically considered.

In 2021, the city planted additional trees on Turbinenplatz in the Escher-Wyss-Areal to reduce the summer heat. Since 2022, an aluminum ring with fog nozzles has been helping in the short term, spraying fine mist at temperatures above 30 degrees and making the square up to ten degrees cooler. The “Alto Zürrus” pilot project runs until fall 2024 and collects data on air quality and temperature.

An exhibition in the city nursery showed how plants, water, shade and light surfaces can help keep temperatures cooler. The great importance of green spaces, trees and cold air currents was impressively illustrated. Visitors were able to discover solutions to combat global warming at various stations.

Zurich is actively tackling the summer heat with new strategies and measures. Despite criticism of delayed action, the city is focusing on innovative solutions and remains a leading metropolis in heat reduction. The coming years will show how effective the measures are and what lessons can be learned from them.

With its climate adaptation program for heat mitigation, the city of Zurich has developed a comprehensive strategy to cope with the effects of climate change. The various measures and projects are intended to safeguard the quality of life of residents and make the city more resilient to heat. The success of these measures will become apparent in the coming years and will serve as a model for other cities.

POTREBBE INTERESSARTI ANCHE

Competition results in April 2021

Building design

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We inform you about the competition results in April: the town center in Markt Erkheim, Südpark and Staudenweiher in Kelsterbach and the redesign of the market square in Neuerburg.

Interested in the latest competition results in landscape architecture, but don’t have time to look at them properly? In the G+L competition overview, Heike Vossen regularly provides information on the most exciting competitions. Here are the competition results in April 2021.

All images: © fischer heumann

The Sieg design promises a lively town center – restructured, legible and barrier-free for pedestrians. The landscape architects differentiate between a “paved center” along Marktstraße and a “green center” on Babenhauser Straße, which is transformed into a green corridor. A series of squares links the two centers defined in this way. More space and new qualities for pedestrians will be created along Marktstrasse thanks to a reduced road width and rearranged car parking spaces. The new market square in front of the town hall acts as the southern prelude to the town center, with the square at the inn at the northern end. The paving, which is limited to the path area along the market street, also covers the course of the street in both squares and forms a spatial bracket. The green center runs through the village with a footpath and cycle path between two streams. The prelude to the south is the paved square with large seating rings. Seating steps, stepping stones and a pump provide access to the banks and water.

All pictures: © bbzl

In the 1970s, the Südpark was created in Kelsterbach, Hesse, from a former backfilled gravel pit. The aging park is now to be transformed into a sustainable city park. The competition is embedded in the overarching “Kelsterbach Climate Island” program. The winning design creates a clear spatial and pathway concept that links Südpark and Staudenweiher with each other and with the outside world. Play and activity areas are added to the sides of the pathways and combine a diverse, flexible range of spaces and activities in the respective areas. With minimal intervention, the planners have divided the previously undefined woodland structures into clear woodland clusters and clearings, thus emphasizing the characteristic topography. The five large clearings form independent spaces with different uses – the forest room, the blue clearing by the pond, the play clearing with sports facilities, the meadow clearing for sunbathing and the picnic clearing. A barrier-free circular path lines the perennial pond and links it to the outside. There are viewing windows at each of the entrances.

All images: © Franz Reschke Landschaftsarchitektur GmbH

The market square as a “tableau”: This is how the Sieg design envisages it and aims to highlight the central square in accordance with its intended function as a stage for urban life. A uniform granite paving carpet is to define the old town in future, varying only in format and laying direction. The center of the square stands out as an inlay – darker and in large-format paving, with a uniform circulation and distance to the adjacent facades. Two loose rows of trees and benches support the spatial setting of the tableau on the long sides. The long rows of benches can be used on both sides and flank without separating. The market square itself should remain as free of traffic as possible: A corridor is defined for deliveries and parking spaces are arranged in the southern market street. At the end of the square in the north, the design also prioritizes pedestrian use up to the adjacent river and dispenses with further parking spaces.

Further competition results will be published at the end of April.

Here you can find the competition results in March 2021.

Read more competition results in March 2021 here.

On the road in the 7132 “House of Architects” in Vals

Building design

This dark, glamorous chamber was designed by Thom Mayne. A bright spot: the bathroom in neon yellow

Although remote, this hostel has little to do with the simple life in the countryside: The 7132 Hotel has opened next to Peter Zumthor’s thermal spa in Vals – with luxurious guest rooms specially designed by and for (star) architects.

Although remote, this hostel has little to do with the simple life in the countryside: The 7132 Hotel has opened next to Peter Zumthor’s thermal spa in Vals – with luxurious guest rooms specially designed by and for (star) architects.

It is said that ingenious architectural designs are sometimes created on napkins. What is certain, however, is that the thermal baths in Vals had already been built out of words before they were realized: “You have to build something,” Peter Zumthor had assured the Graubünden community, “that doesn’t exist yet. Not glass fun. But a thermal spa that is unique.” It was opened in 1996 – and the building, which is set into the slope, is made of concrete and 60,000 strips of Vals quartzite in three thicknesses, two widths and each 3.20 meters long.

The iron-rich water has dyed the wall at the entrance a rusty red, where it flows unfiltered. Otherwise, the thermal baths, which were listed as a historical monument just two years after they were completed, do not show their age; 190 people still book a few hours every day to bathe in the magnificent architecture and in water that is between 14 and 35 degrees and rich in calcium sulphate hydrogen carbonate. The spa architecture has won countless awards, but unfortunately its figures have never been as black as the quartzite from which it is built. Peter Zumthor would have liked to take over the spa himself, but the cash-strapped municipality narrowly opted for a buyer who promised to take over not only the spa but also the surrounding hotel and apartment buildings from the 1960s and turn them into a four-star hotel: the four-star “House of Architects” and the five-star superior hotel “7132” – incidentally the zip code of Vals. Guests can not only bathe in luxury, but also live, eat and travel in luxury – the restaurant at the 7132 has been awarded two Michelin stars and 18 Gault Millau points. And the price of the penthouse suites includes arrival in the hotel’s own helicopter.

The renovation began in 2012: Thom Mayne made the entrance area look a bit like the Guggenheim in New York and, like Tadao Ando, Kengo Kuma and Peter Zumthor, who had already designed so-called “Provisorien” for the opening of the thermal spa in the old spa hotel, transformed the shoebox rooms into suitably chic “rooms for architects”. The “Star” architects were not able to enlarge the 73 guest rooms, which are just 20 square meters in size; only for the suites in 7132 were several of the shoe boxes combined. But there was obviously enough room for a very different design: Zumthor immersed his rooms in bright red and black Stucco Lustro. Thom Mayne also opted for black: he wallpapered the walls, floor and ceiling with Vals quartzite and brightened up the gloom with a neon yellow bath egg. While Kengo Kuma and Tadao Ando worked minimalistically, as expected: Kuma implanted his rooms with a wooden cocoon made of oak, Ando focuses on not distracting from the view. Guests are now spoiled for choice.

The article about the 7132 hotel was published in Baumeister 05/2020.